열왕기상 1:33의 탈무드

One anoints kings only at a spring, as it was said²²1K. 1:33–34.: Let Solomon, my son, ride on my mule and take him down to the Giḥon; there Ṣadoq the priest and Nathan the prophet shall anoint him as king over Israel. One anoints (kings) [kings sons of kings]²³Corrector’s addition from B, not found in Yerushalmi sources. The mention of Jehu shows that the scribe’s text is the correct one. only because of disputes. Why was Solomon anointed? Because of the dispute of Adoniahu, Joash because of Athaliah, Jehu because of Joram. Is it not written¹⁹1S. 17:20., do anoint him, for this one is it, this one needs anointing, but the kings of Israel do not need anointing? But Joaḥaz because of his brother Joiakim who was two years his elder. But did not Josiah hide it²⁴The anointing oil. Therefore none of Josia’s sons could be anointed with the anointing oil.? That means that they anointed with balsamum. One anoints kings only from a horn. Saul and Jehu were anointed from a can because their kingdom was temporary; David and Solomon were anointed from a horn because their kingdom was permanent. One does not anoint priests as kings²⁵Text missing in B but implied by R. Ḥiyya bar Ada.. Rebbi Jehudah Antordiya said, because²⁶Gen. 49:10. the scepter shall not be removed from Jehudah. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada said, because of²⁷Deut. 17:20. he shall have many days of his kingdom, he and his sons in the midst of Israel. What is written after that? The levitic Cohanim should not²⁸Deut. 18:1..

³⁹Tosephta Kilaim 5:6. The Tosephta rejects Issi’s argument since it is written about David that he did all Eternal (1K. 15:5). Issi ben Aqabia⁴⁰A Tanna of the last generation, student of R. Eleazar ben Shamua and R. Yose, who appears also as Issi ben Gur Arieh, Issi ben Jehudah, Issi ben Gamliel, Joseph the Babylonian, Joseph from Hutsal, and maybe Rav Assi. says: It is forbidden to ride on a mule by an argument of analogy. If garments which you may wear one upon the other are forbidden in mixture⁴¹It might be permitted to wear a woolen coat over a linen garment but it is forbidden to wear any garment containing both wool and linen; cf. Chapter Nine, end of Halakhah 7., you are certainly forbidden to ride on [a mixture of] animals you may not lead together. But is it not written (2Sam. 13:29): “Each one rode on his mule and they fled”? One does not learn from a king’s family⁴²They will not listen to religious authority.. But is it not written (1K. 1:33): “Let my son Solomon ride on my she-mule”? That was a creature from Creation⁴³A wild animal, spontaneous offspring of a wild horse and a wild ass..

One anoints kings only at a spring, as it was said: Let Solomon, my son, ride on my mule and take him down to the Giḥon; there Ṣadoq the priest and Nathan the prophet shall anoint him as king over Israel¹¹⁷1K. 1:33–34.. One anoints kings only because of disputes. Why was Solomon anointed? Because of the dispute of Adoniahu, Joash because of Athaliah, Jehu because of Joram. Is it not written, do anoint him, for this one is it, this one needs anointing, but the kings of Israel do not need anointing? ¹¹⁸In all other sources, this follows the quote about the sons of Josiah. If Josiah had buried the holy oil together with the ark, how could his son have been anointed? But did not Josiah hide it? That means that they anointed with balsamum. Joaḥaz because of his brother Joakin who was two years his elder. One anoints kings only from a horn. Saul and Jehu were anointed from a can because their kingdom was temporary; David and Solomon were anointed from a horn because their kingdom was permanent. One does not anoint priests as kings. Rebbi Jehudah Antordiya said, because of the scepter shall not be removed from Jehudah¹¹⁹Gen. 49:10.. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, because of he shall have many days of his kingdom, he and his sons in the midst of Israel¹²⁰Deut. 17:20.. What is written after that? The levitic Cohanim should not¹²¹Deut. 18:1..

⁷⁷A parallel to the entire paragraph is in the Babli, Keritut 5b. One anoints kings only at a spring, as it was said⁷⁸1K. 1:33–34.: “Let Solomon, my son, ride on my mule and take him down to the Giḥon; there Ṣadoq the priest and Nathan the prophet shall anoint him, etc.” One anoints kings only because of disputes. Why was Solomon anointed? Because of the dispute of Adoniahu; Joash because of Athaliah, Jehu because of Joram. Is it not written⁷¹1Sam. 16:12.: “Do anoint him, for this one is it,” this one needs anointing, but the kings of Israel do not need anointing⁷⁹There is no indication that Yehu was anointed with the oil deposited in Jerusalem.! But Joaḥaz because of his brother Joakim who was two years his elder⁸⁰In 2K. 23:31,36 and 2Chr. 36:2,5 it is noted that Joaḥaz was 23 years old in the same year in which Joakim was 25. Cf. Seder ‘Olam, Chapter 24 (in the author’s edition, pp. 213–215); Babli Arakhin 12a.. But did not Josiahu hide it⁸¹As indicated in the previous paragraph. Then Josiah’s son could not have been anointed with the oil made by Moses. The explanation given here is in the Babli, Horaiot 11b, in the name of the later Amora Rav Papa.? That means, they anointed with balsamum. One anoints kings only from a horn. Saul and Jehu were anointed from a can because their kingdom was temporary; David and Solomon were anointed from a horn because their kingdom was permanent⁸²Quoted in Babli, Megillah 14a, Keritut 6a.. One does not anoint priests as kings⁸³The Maccabean kings were anointed as High Priests, not as kings.. Rebbi Yudan Antordiyya said, because of “the scepter shall not be removed from Jehudah⁸⁴Gen. 49:10.”. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada said, because “he shall have many days of his kingdom, he and his sons in the midst of Israel⁸⁵Deut. 7:20, last verse in the chapter..” What is written after that? “The levitic Cohanim should not.⁸⁶Deut. 8:1.”

²⁷⁹Tosephta 2:9, Babli 13a. The king has precedence over the High Priest, as it is written: You shall let my son Solomon ride²⁸⁰1K. 1:33., etc. The High Priest over the prophet, as it is written: There, Ṣadoq the Priest and Nathan the Prophet shall anoint him as king²⁸¹1K. 1:34., etc. He mentioned Ṣadoq before Nathan. Rebbi Jonah in the name of Rebbi Ḥama bar Ḥanina: The prophet folds his hands and feet and sits before the High Priest²⁸²He sits on the floor or the carpet with his feet folded under him.. What is his reason? Listen, Joshua the High Priest, you and your friends who are sitting before you²⁸³Zach. 3:8.. I could think that they were common people; the verse says, because they are men of miracle, and “miracle” only means prophecy, as you say, and he gave you a sign or a miracle²⁸⁴Deut. 13:2..